The Industrial Revolution in mid 19th century America led to the movement of the population from a rural to an urban environment. Industrialization meant that these cities needed an infrastructure to meet the needs of all the new inhabitants. The economic, political and social structure of cities across the country were impacted, resulting in changes which continue into the 21st century.

This Research Guide was originally created by Professor Emeritus Sandra Roff, previously Archivist of Baruch College.